The Rediscovery And Emergence Of Humanism - 876 Words

ori Horton The Rediscovery and Emergence of Humanism The transition from medieval times to the Renaissance can be seen through the change in art across the western world. Many aspects of art changed between these time periods including the introduction of humanism as well as the new idea of perspective. These are only a few elements that changed art between the Medieval and Renaissance eras. By using perspective many artist were able to make depth apparent by changing sizes of objects in the fore, as well as the background. Humanism allows the idea of humans being higher than the divine. With artists being able to use new artistic aspects, such as humanism and the idea of rebirth, they are able to change the views and ideas of art during the Italian and Northern Renaissance. Humanism was first brought to the Renaissance by a small group of elites consisting of artists, scholars, and many other trade group members (Johnson p.5). This new idea that humans were more important than the divine was not something that was instantly accepted. Up until this time period of the Italian and Northern Renaissance it was always believed that the divine trumped humans in everyway. This idea of humans being more important, although not widely accepted, changed art as a whole. One example of an artist who used this idea of humanism was Raphael in â€Å"The Alba Madonna† of 1511. He used perspective to take the importance and beauty and point the viewer back to the cross and baby Jesus. In manyShow MoreRelatedHistorical And Philosophical Movement Of The Renaissance1596 Words   |  7 Pagesmodern philosophy. By focusing, on ideas presented by Southern, Petrarch, and Burckhardt I will argue that the historical and philosophical movement of the renaissance progressed the writings and concerns of the medieval times through the emergence of humanism and free will, the revival of antiquity, natural philosophy and enlightment of knowledge. To understand why the Renaissance played a significant role in this transition, it is important to first consider how the medieval times differed fromRead MoreThe Religious Authority Of The Catholic Church917 Words   |  4 Pages2000). The Renaissance witnessed other historical events such as the the discovery of North America, the emergence of the Ptolemaic astronomy system, and many inventions.The Renaissance was a time of rebirth in classical ideas and science, which led to people beginning to think and reason apart from the Church. The rediscovery of Humanism was the biggest force driving the Renaissance. â€Å"Humanism is a progressive philosophy of life that, without supernaturalism, affirms our ability and responsibilityRead MoreHumanism and the Renaissance Arts1289 Words   |  5 Pagesart and architecture. Although no one really talks about Renaissance being an obvious era of some of the greatest and most innovative masters of painting, sculptures and builders. Or even that It is also the most influential eras that marked the emergence of a great deal of Scholars, thinkers, writers and philosophers. Regardless the Renaissance (a French word for â€Å"rebirth†) was a much needed time for awakening, from the intellectual darkness of the medieval direction, and the rise of many, conceptsRead MoreMiddle Ages and the Renaissance1274 Words   |  5 Pagesdeveloped, like the magnetic compass and better ships, which allowed for move sea travel and trade. Gutenbergs invention of the printing press allowe d for an explosion in the intellectual life of Europe, a rediscovery of the ancient classics, and the development of a new philosophy called Humanism. This new emphasis on the classics allowed for the development of artistic and architectural advances, like symmetry, proportion, and shape, which completely transformed art and building. And finally, theRead MoreA 12th Century Renaissance Essay1883 Words   |  8 Pagestwelfth century and ideas still proposed today. This stems from the 12th century trend of the revival of Roman law. An example of our modern day legal system can be found from this time: Growing procedural complexity and formalityÂ…encouraged the emergence of legal specialists, as judges, and as lawyers employable for their knowledge. Greater emphasis on record keeping, on precedent and rules, also aided the transition (Swanson 80). This is indicative of the world of modern law, stemming from theRead MoreHow the Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution L ed to a More Secular and Democrtatic Society1437 Words   |  6 Pagesbeginning of the liberal arts as we know it today. Petrarch, the first true poet of the Renaissance, studied Latin and is credited to have rediscovered Greek (Renaissance I.E.P.). This rediscovery led to textual criticism of the Church when forgeries were found which placed their power in question (Lecture, 1). Humanism dared artists like Leonardo da Vinci to defy the church and dissect cadavers to study the physical form. A more secular outlook can be seen in Raphaels The School of Athens (LectureRead More leadership theories and analysis Essay2506 Words   |  11 Pagesideas of Ancient Greece and Rome. The most important idea of rebirth stays with the belief that through learning of intellectual and artistic treasures of the Greco-Roman antiquity could reach the artistic greatness, wisdom and enlightenment. The rediscovery of classical world drastically changed the art of painting. By the year 1500, the Re naissance revived ancient forms and content. The spiritual content of painting changed - subjects from Roman history and mythology were borrowed. Devotional artRead MoreThe End Of The Medieval Period Essay1947 Words   |  8 Pages There are many factors that led to the end of the medieval period and brought about the emergence of the Renaissance period, otherwise known as, â€Å"the age of rebirth.† Some of these factors would have a devastating impact on Europe, which we can still see to this very day. During the Medieval period, the feudal aristocracy and the Catholic Church emerged as the dominant political forces and were instrumental in imposing social and economic order on the people. Peasants were organized within theRead MoreJean Hey’s Annunciation Essay examples2174 Words   |  9 Pagesadvancements in the portrayal of the human form—particularly that of hands and anatomical dimensions—human emotion, and artistic balance. The Renaissance can be characterized in general by the rebirth of art in conjunction with a rediscovery of philosophy, literature, science, and empirical investigation from antiquity. The new emphasis on learning, especially via direct observation of the natural world, led to new artistic techniques that allowed artists to mimic those of the ancientsRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesphilosophy is the philosophy of Western Europe and the Middle East during what is now known as the medieval era or the Middle Ages, roughly extending from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance. Medieval philosophy is defined partly by the rediscovery and further development of classical Greek and Hellenistic philosophy, and partly by the need to address theological problems and to integrate sacred doctrine (in Islam, Judaism and Christianity) with secular learning. Some problems discussed throughout

Essay on Ethical Dilemma - 2305 Words

Ethical Dilemma During the first week of February it was discovered that one of the youth on probation and his family was no longer living at their given address. I, along with my supervisor, made several trips to the house to verify. The house was soon boarded up and the youth could not be located. There was no attempt by the youth to contact probation and he soon became out of contact, a clear violation of his probation contract. An arrest and detain (AD) warrant was issued for the youth because of his probation violation. The youth was unable to be located by the Juvenile Crime Apprehension Team (JCAT) and no one in his family could be found by probation staff. The youth was also no longer attending school. The seriousness of†¦show more content†¦The first standard being challenged is 1.01: Commitment to Clients. The standard sates â€Å"In general, clients’ interests are primary. However, social workers’ responsibility to the larger society or sp ecific legal obligations may on limited occasions supersede the loyalty owed to clients, and clients should be so advised† (NASW; 7). The ethical dilemma relating to this ethic is who are we more responsible to in this situation, the client or society? The client was out of contact, but by making contact he was now in compliance with probation. However, we are obligated to protect public safety at all times and his violation of probation does warrant a court hearing. It brings into question what is in the youth’s best interest, to not be held accountable for his actions or to be placed in a locked facility for a period of time. This ethic also creates a dilemma in itself, who are we more responsible to; the client or society? Standard 3.09 of the NASW ethics, commitment to employers, is also challenged by this dilemma. Specifically section A of standard 3.09 comes into consideration, â€Å"Social workers generally should adhere to commitments made to employers a nd employing organizations† (NASW; 21). A probation officer’s job is to hold youth accountable for their actions and to help enforce the orders of the court. The youth violated one of these orders by being out ofShow MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1538 Words   |  7 Pages1. Discuss an ethical dilemma that you have had to face in the workplace. Ethical dilemmas often occur when a manager or an employee is faced with two or more conflicting choices. Give as many facts and details as possible in describing your dilemma. The most difficult ethical dilemma I have dealt with was a summer job I had this past summer, while I was working for a bakery in my hometown. This past particular summer really tested what I believe is right and wrong and how to speak up. One of myRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1291 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Dilemmas in the Workplace As a manager, you are the role model for staff. You set the standards, adhere to guidelines, and exemplify what you expect staff to model. By doing so, you are establishing and sustaining an organizational culture of ethics and integrity, which is the backbone of all successful endeavors. However, even the best structured organizations face ethical dilemmas in the workplace. It is how management recognizes and addresses these occurrences that will either set themRead MoreEthical Dilemma Assignment1766 Words   |  8 PagesCONSENT FORM Thank you for being willing to take part in this interview exploring ethical conflict or turbulence. I would like to transcribe the content of this interview to form a written document to be submitted to Sheffield Hallam University as a piece of assessed piece of coursework. It is important that you only take part in this interview if you want to. As such I would be delighted if you would complete and sign this confidentiality questionnaire prior to the interview taking place. (i)Read MoreCase Analysis : Ethical Dilemma1318 Words   |  6 PagesTitle of Paper: Ethical Dilemma One INTRODUCTION Mrs. Smith, is an 81-year-old widow. She has been widowed for over twenty years. She has been very independent with some assistance from neighbors due to her son living out of the area and unable to assist. Recently, she has had issues with her independence. She has set two accidental fires that caused damages to her apartment, as well as had a recent fall in the bathtub. These issues have gained her son’s attention which has led him to requestRead MoreEthical Dilemma at Workplace Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Introduction – What is an ethical dilemma? Ethics is the term we give to our concern for good behavior.   It is human nature to not only be concerned with our own personal well being, but also that of others and of human society as a whole.   The difference between moral dilemmas and ethical ones, philosophers say, is that in moral issues the choice is between right and wrong.   In ethical ones, the choice is between two rights. Everyday Im faced with decisions of right and wrong, most of whichRead Moret Types of ethical dilemmas Mastery67Questions123Materials Essay2477 Words   |  10 PagesTypes of ethical dilemmas Mastery 67% Questions 1 2 3 Materials on the concept: Typical Moral Dilemmas Confronting Business Communicators Ethics and Law for Management Communication Top of Form 1. As part of an effort to hire younger workers, a multinational organization assures applicants that they will get to visit its offices in other countries and work with the employees there. However, only two out of every nine workers actually get selected for such projects. What moral dilemma best fitsRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemmas of Collecting Data and the Consequential Revision of Commodities, Culture and the Politics of Representations Definitions 1751 Words   |  7 Pagesinformation or data has become assets to companies, being regarded as property to be bought and sold to between companies. However, this has put forward the following primary ethical dilemmas surrounding human rights: the right to informed consent and the right to personal data. In addition to the creation of ethical dilemmas, the collection of human data has brought about a need for a revision of definitions. Commodities are known as a raw material or primary agricultural product that can be boughtRead MoreVices and Virtues: Ethical Dilemmas of a Fading Man Essay1932 Words   |  8 PagesVices Virtues: Ethical Dilemmas of a Fading Man When Sidney Stewart was freed in Manchuria in 1945 after 3 years of imprisonment by the Japanese, the 6’3 American weighed 65 pounds (Goldstein). Stewart was an Army private stationed in Manila in 1942 when they were overpowered by the Japanese. The 21 year-old wasn’t the killing type of soldier. Of course he killed when required, but he wasn’t murderous. He’d been sent to Luzon on the Bataan peninsula after the Japanese invasion and was soonRead MoreNursing Leaders Are Struggling Ethical Dilemmas1263 Words   |  6 Pagesstruggling in ethical dilemmas daily. Ethical dilemma is one of the issue/challenge to the nursing leader. Ethical dilemmas occur when nursing personal values and beliefs conflict with some aspect of nursing care. The struggle is to provide the best nursing care despite of the nurses’ feelings. For example: RN/ nursing leader in residential home has always dilemmas while restraining the patient. sometime patient become so aggr essive that they can harm other people and worker. The dilemma in this situationRead More An Ethical Dilemma Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesReplacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animal Research, makes a very good point when he says that: Many people, including from within the scientific community, consider that the use of NHPs [nonhuman primates] in research is a matter of particular ethical concern because certain features NHPs share with humans, such as their highly developed nervous systems, cognitive complexity and intense sociality, have implications for the level or nature of suffering they might experience during experiments and

Self-Reflection for Corporate Responsibilities - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSelf-Reflection for Corporate Responsibilities. Answer: The lessons that have been taken up by me, on ethics and sustainability. Business ethics is important to be imparted such that ethical decision making and lessons on emerging business ethics could be learned. In these lessons, the various chapters that are learned include emerging business ethical issues, ethical decision making, stakeholder relationships, corporate social responsibilities. I have learnt the philosophies and values that have to be incorporated at a personal level, to ensure ethical business. I have also learned about ethical leadership and globalization of the ethical decision-making. Thus, these lessons are important for me. The knowledge imparted is essential to ensure ethical business and decision-making[1]. I have learned about the importance of ethics in business. The importance of the identification of the various stakeholders in a business has been described in the lessons. Stakeholders are defined as people who possess a stake or claim on a company and have an active participation in the companys operations. I have gained knowledge about the various theories of stakeholder analysis. These include the normative approach, the descriptive apporch and the instrumental approach[2]. The stakeholders are mainly of two types, the primary and secondary stakeholders. The primary stakeholders are the people, whose contributions are essential for the survival of the company[3]. The secondary stakeholders do not engage directly in the transactions of the companies[4]. Social corporate responsibilities have to be taken up by the business organizations, in order to gain competitive advantages, and establish them as sustainable business. The foundation values for identifying the ethical issues incl ude integrity, honesty as well as fairness. The various ethical issues identified in business includes misuse of the various resources of the company, along with theft, assault or false accusation. Bribery and discrimination are also some of the ethical business issues that the employees should refrain[5]. The various kinds of frauds that take place in business are also shed light upon in the lessons learned by me. Ethical decision-making are important from business perspective[6]. I have understood the significance of ethical decision-making and learned about various decision-making practices. Knowledge about ethical decisions will help me make good decisions, which are useful from the business perspective. The lessons learned by me includes the incorporation of values and morale that needs to be incorporated by individuals, such that ethical group decisions could be taken up. The various stages of cognitive morale development and its challenges are also learned. I have developed ideas regarding the white-collar crimes that take place in business and the philosophies and values that are important to be incorporated. I have developed a clear idea regarding the responsibility of the corporation regarding the stakeholders. The needs for business ethics programs have also been understood[7]. The requirements for the ethics and compliance programs include the various standards and procedures, high-level personnel, training programs given to the employees, consistent enforcement of the standards[8]. I have also become aware of the various codes of conduct that needs to be followed in business. Every business organization needs to ensure that the employees abide by the ethical considerations s uccessfully, such that the ethical issues could be mitigated[9]. Moreover, I have learned the importance of abidance with the ethical and legal policies in order to ensure compliance with the ethical considerations. Ethical auditing needs to be conducted in the business organization such that the benefits of the ethical audition could be implemented in the business organizations. The various control systems in the business ethics includes the formal control, process control as well as the output control. I have developed a clear idea, regarding the importance of these controls in the business ethics. Bibliography Crane, Andrew, and Dirk Matten.Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press, 2016. Halinen, Aino, and Pivi Jokela. "Exploring Ethics in Business Networks: Propositions for Future Research." InExtending the Business Network Approach, pp. 333-356. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. Hoffman, W. Michael, Robert E. Frederick, and Mark S. Schwartz, eds.Business ethics: Readings and cases in corporate morality. John Wiley Sons, 2014. Ward, Sharon, Scott Killingsworth, Andrew Leigh, Anthony Smith Meyer, Ludo Van der Heyden, and Phillip Weights. "Ethics in Business."Business Compliance4, no. 3-4 (2015): 75-91. Weiss, Joseph W.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers, 2014.

The seven deadly sins are thin... free essay sample

The seven deadly sins are things that, in the Christian faith people commit that will decrease their progression to heaven or spiritual salvation. They are and what they mean are the next following sentences. Pride is the first of the sins and it means to have excessive belief in ones own abilities, that interferes with the individuals recognition of the grace of God. It is thought to be the sin that the rest of the sins are made from and come from. The next sin is Envy. Envy is the basic jealousy that people have every day. The third sin on the list is gluttony. Being a glutton is basically over extracting your resources and only taking. The fourth sin is lust. Lust is about the undisciplined, unchecked desire for self-enjoyment. It is typically linked to sexual desires that arent carried out. The next sin is greed. Greed is one known by all. We will write a custom essay sample on The seven deadly sins are thin or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is when you want wealth or some type of gain without the consideration of anyone or anything else. The final sin is sloth. Sloth is about the laziness and avoidance of work that an individual can or could do. In the play Macbeth the main character in Macbeth displays a multitude of these sins. He displays pride, envy, gluttony and greed most of all. All of these play into his downfall as a ruler and his death in the play. A a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a In the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare the main character Macbeth is introduced as a general who is greatly appreciated by the people of Scotland. He is widely known and even praised by the kind but he never displayed an overly narcissistic personality. That is until he becomes king. As king he becomes more prideful. It was a mix of lust for power and overwhelming greed which tempted him to turn on Duncan. Even though he obtained Cawdor, Macbeth was not satisfied; the lure of being a King was far too great and his greed for more plunged him into sin. It wasnt just Macbeths insatiability for control, however; Lady Macbeths greediness and manipulative ways influenced Macbeths decision to murder King Duncan. You can see his change specifically when the witches

Once More To The Lake By E.B. White Essays - Once More To The Lake

Once More To The Lake By E.B. White Once More to the Lake by E.B. White Once More to the Lake, by E.B. White was an essay in which a father struggles to find himself. The essay is about a little boy and his father. They go to a lake where the father had been in his childhood years. The father looks back at those years and tries to relive the moments through his son's eyes. He knows he can't, and has difficulty dealing with the fact that he can't go back in time. E.B. White's way of letting the reader know that the father is in a way depressed, is through great detail and description. The story mentions how the lake has changes since the father had seen it last. How the once gravel roads have been paved over, and the sail boats are now replace with boats with outboard motors. As the reader, one can sense a feeling of how the father isn't able to adapt to these changes. The little boy in the story, the son, also doesn't seem to appreciate the lake as much as the father did when he was growing up. Like how when he was a boy, he would wake up early to fish. Now the father wishes his son would do the same. It seemed the little boy just too the trip for granted. He didn't appear to be as appreciative as the father once was. The father describes the view as pretty much being the same. How things felt the same, like the moss on his feet and such. He didn't feel that the lake had changed any, but everything around it did. This is when the idea of a duel personality comes into picture. The father can almost see himself as a child, doing the things he wished his son would do. When he was young he would get up especially early to fix his fishing pole and even help set the dinner table. Then he realizes that his son doesn't do any of these things, making the father feel as if the trip just isn't the same. As the story progresses, the father begins to point out the differences of his once peaceful get-a way. How when arriving was something to look forward to, seeing all of the other family's greet you, the madness of the train station, and the smells of the wilderness. All of those things were gone, replace by motor boats that would wake you up in the middle of a summer slumber. Lastly the father brings up the thunderstorm. To me this represents the birth of a new him. I say this because once the rain clears up and the dark skies disappear, he begins to look at his son, and the entire trip in a different light. He forgets the years of old, and realizes that he is not his son, he stops trying to live his life through his son's eyes. When at the end he feel the cold chill of death at his groin, I feel this is him letting the trip be just a trip, not pushing his son to do exactly what he once did. He lets the boy do what he wants, not do what the father had done all those years down by the lake. Book Reports

Free Sample Essay For Graduate School Admission In Criminal Justice - Consider A Recommendation From Your School Of Choice

Free Sample Essay For Graduate School Admission In Criminal Justice - Consider A Recommendation From Your School Of ChoiceYou can submit a free sample essay for graduate school application to a school of choice that makes a significant contribution to a campus ministry. It may be your way of making an impact in the admissions process, but remember that it is not only the quality of your written essays that will affect your admissions to a Master's program. The length and content of your sample essay should reflect your graduate program's mission and vision.The reason for this is that the admissions process includes both the application and the interview. Even the undergraduate admissions committee that decides whether you get accepted has the power to reject your application on the basis of what they see in your application. That is why you need to make sure your essay is not only well-written but also written with care. The right candidate will pass through the process with minimal delays.If you are in the process of applying to a Master's degree program in criminal justice, the essay sample you should use is one that reflects your particular area of concentration or field of interest. This will allow you to show the admissions committee that you have considered all aspects of the course. This applies particularly to the essay questions.Questions in the application must be asked that actually pertain to the major field you want to enter, the areas of study that interest you most, and your leadership skills. Writing an essay question that is able to make an impact in these areas may be difficult, but it can be done if you are willing to invest the time and energy.The essay question should answer some of the main points of the application by going into depth on relevant topics. The reason for this is that it allows the admissions committee to come away feeling that you really took the time to consider the application. For example, if you do not take the time to really understand the mission statement ofthe admissions office, you are not likely to take into account the implications of this when writing your essay.They will ask for your personal highlights from the application as well as your work experiences. You should include in your essay the specific instances in which you were able to demonstrate leadership and skill as a team player. The admissions office wants you to highlight your achievements.If you have taken courses on criminal justice and you are applying to graduate school in this field, it is important that you address these issues. In order to make your essay clear, it is necessary to have all these points in mind before you begin.When you write your free sample essay for graduate school application for criminal justice, the biggest challenge you will face is to truly think about the aspects of your application that they will require you to write. After all, there are so many other factors that affect your admissions to a Mas ter's degree program. You do not want to miss out on any of them, so the essay should reflect the course you wish to go to and the area you want to choose to work in.

Pursing a Career as a Police Officer

Pursing a Career as a Police Officer A sociology degree is a very useful and relevant degree for any career in the criminal justice field. Police officers are one great example of this. As a career that is present in every city, town, and community across the country, becoming a police officer does not usually require relocation and is it is usually always in demand. One way that a sociology degree is especially helpful to a police officer is that it allows one to examine situations with knowledge of the structural issues that surround a society. For example, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, and age are all especially important for understanding specific conflict situations. Understanding the Effects Stereotypes Have It is always important to understand the effects that stereotypes have in how people perceive a community problem. Witnesses to a crime, for example, might believe a stereotype about the criminal and will therefore bias the true events. By understanding this and asking very specific questions, the police officer may be able to get an accurate depiction of the crime without any stereotyped influences. In conducting police work, it is also important to understand that communities are composed of relational networks. These networks can be especially important in both investigating crimes and in preventing criminal acts. Since police officers are constantly interacting with community members, education on how to interact with and deal with certain types of people is crucial. In fact, it is often the case that less than half of police academy training has to do with laws, legal codes, and weapons, and the majority of training is spent on human interaction. How a Sociology Degree Is Extremely Helpful This is where a sociology degree is extremely helpful. Role-playing, modeling people’s behavior, and understanding group dynamics is crucial to be a successful police officer. An understanding of cultural diversity is also important. Those going into a career in law enforcement need to learn that there are other patterns of living and officers need to learn to adapt to those patterns when they enter certain situations. Job Description The primary duty of police officers is to enforce the law. They help the community fight crime by making arrests, assisting people with emergencies, investigating crimes, helping prosecute crimes, collecting evidence, testifying in court, and writing detailed reports of crimes. Educational Requirements The educational requirements for police officers vary by city and community. Larger cities often require four-year degrees while some small communities only require a high-school diploma. However, the majority of places are now requiring formal job training, commonly an associate’s degree. Additional training is provided at a federal or state law enforcement academy after an officer is hired. Salary and Benefits Police officers entering the field can expect to earn on average between $22,000 and $26,000, however, some areas pay as low as $18,000. Salaries vary by city and region. After six years of service, police officers earn an average of $34,000 or more. Benefits are offered by the majority of police departments, which typically includes life insurance, medical benefits, and retirement plans. Other Recommendations For those thinking of entering a career as a police officer, there are some other recommendations that will help you during your career. First, it is important to understand cultural diversity and be able to adapt to different cultural contexts. Foreign language capability, especially Spanish, is nearly essential. Other languages might be emphasized according to local needs. For example, Southeast Asian languages (Vietnamese, Cambodian, Chinese etc.) are needed in parts of California. Computer literacy is also a must, as officers compose written reports that are transmitted directly and immediately to the department for analysis. Finally, oral communication skills are essential to conduct good community relations. Search for jobs in law enforcement or other sociology careers in your area. References Stephens, W.R. (2004). Careers in Sociology, Third Edition. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon. Criminal Justice USA. (2011). Police Officer. criminaljusticeusa.com/police-officer.html